Spark-arrester



'.(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet` 1.

G. D. HUNTER.

SPARK ARRBSTER.

No. 285,899.. Patented Oct. Z, 18.83..

L TL (No Model.) Y 2. Sheets-Sheet 2.

, Gr. D. HUNTER.

l SPARK ARRESTEB.. No. 285,899. v Patented Ont. 2,v 18.83.

N, PETERS. Fmwmhwgrapher. washington. uc

Unirse Srarns "Partnr @turca GEORGE D. HUNIER, OF TERRE HAUTE, TNDTANA.

SPARK-ARRESTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 285,899, dated Gctober Q, 1833.

- Application filed August 7, 1883. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, t may concer-11,:

Be it known that I, Gnoncn D. HUNTER, a

t citizen ofthe United States, residing at Terre more solid particles ot fuel escaping i'rom the furnace; second, to provide means for allowing ot' the i'ree and unobstructed escape oi' the smoke and gaseous products, and l'or causing the descent'l or gravitation of the cinders, whereby the latter are prevented from esca-ping out of the stack; third, to provide means for admitting ofthe ready withdrawal of part ot' the devices which accomplish the separation ofthe smoke, gaseous products, and cinders, whereby access may be had to the smokebox and to the tlues; and with these ends in view my invention consists in the employment ot' a suitable drum or screen provided with tubes or sections of tubes for confining and directiu g the exhaust to the stack, and of a further screen which prevents the escape of the cinders through the stack, the said devices being located within the smoke-stack and interposed between the exhaust nozzle or nozzles and the smoke-stack, and it further consists in att-aehing the said perforated drum and its connected devices to the door of the smoke-box by an improved means, whereby they may be withdrawn when the door is opened and returned to place when it is closed, and in certain other devices for continuously taking up and transmitting the cinders toa suitable receptacle for extinguishment, the peculiarities of which will more fully appear in another application filed by me, even date herewith.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and on which like letters of reference indicate corresponding featuresFigure l represents a vertical sectional view of a portion of a locomotive-boiler and its smoke-box, showi-ng my improvements applied thereto, the saine being also shown in vertical section. Fig. 2 represents a front elevation ot' alocomotive-boi1era-nd. a portion of a smoke-stack, having a portion o1.' the smoke-box front and door removed, whereby the parts constituting` my invention are shown in vertical cross-section within the box, Fig. 8, a detached perspective view ot' the frames and their connections, which support the perforated drum, its attached devices, and the deilecting-sereen, Fig. 4 a detached plan view oi" the cinder-reccptacle. Fig. 5 is a detached view ot a ring and an upwardly-cxtending sheet secured thereto, and Fig. 6 a detached front eleva-tion ot a portion of the drum.

The letter A indicates the smoke-box ot an ordinary locomotive, and the letter A the steam-pipe which conducts the steam to the steam-chests. Located in the usual place at the bottom of the smoke-box is the exhaust-- nozzle A2, which in the present instance may be termed, by reason of its construction, a double acting` central discharge-nozzle,77 the samebeing provided with a partition, B, which terminates some distance below the mouth, whereby the discharge ot' the steam issues in a single volume, and to one side extends abranch, B, which communicates with the interior ol" the nozzle on each side of a partition, the said branch having a thimble, il' desired, to contract its mouth. The neel; ofthe exhaust-nozzle is prvided with anl annular ilange, B2, upon which is fitted a ring, C, having an npwardly-extending sheet, C, ext-ending partially around 'the same.

rllhe letter C2 indicates a metallic circular frame, having an arm eXtendin gironiA one side, which is attached to a lug secured tothe door by'bolts or otherwise. rlhe rear of said frame is arched upwardly and recessed, "as seen at D, for the reception of the edge of the sheet G, the object of the arched portion being to allow the frame to clear the nozzle when the door is opened.

Theletter D indicates'another ci rcular frame, the same being provided with an arm which connects with a bracket or lug secured to a portion of the door, and with radially-extending arms D', lto each of which are bolted the connecting-bars E, the lower ends of the latter being bolted to the trame C2, whereby the two frames are rigidly connected together.

The letter E refers to a conical drum, the

IOO

rear third or approximately rear third of which is imperiorated, while the remaining forward portion is provided wit-h a series of elongated slots, the said drum being secured to the upper edge of the frame C2 by means of bolts or rivets, the said ring being bored for this purpose, as seen in Fig. 3. rlhe perforations in the drum are made with their longest directionin line with the length ofthe sheet before itis bent, and, by reason of the conical form of the drum, the slots in the perforated portions thereof` on each side assume an angular posi.-

upper end of which is provided with an open-Y .ing equal to that in the frame l). Located within the'said drum are the cylindrical and conical exhaust confining-tube sections F, the upper of which is provided with radial arms F, which pass through slots in the sheet E2, and are secured to the radial arms of the frame l) by means of bolts F`, the lower of said tubes being connected t i the upper by means of the lugs G G and the pins G2. The upper forward half of the ring D is provided with a iiange, H, forming, in connection with the body of the ring7 a seat in which an annular collar, H, is adapted to fit, the said collarbeing provided with a horizontal annular flange, H2, on its external portion, and a semi-annular depending flange, H, on its rear portion, against the latter of which the upper rear edge of the frame D abuts when the door is closed, thus forming a connection between the collar and the said frame. Fitting within the said collar is the upper section, I, of the exhaust conflning-tube- To the annular collar H and the tube I are secured a suitable number-preferably three-of inclined bracesl, by means of bolts, the upper ends of which are secured to the shell of the smoke-box, and to the annular internal ring, I", fitting within the smoke-box and held by means of bolts or rivets, as seen in Fig. l..

Fitting upon the annular flange of the collar H is the conical deflecting-screen Il, the same extending upwardly to near the foot of the smoke-stack. The slots in this screen are formed in like manner as those in the drum E', and, beingperforated over its entire sur-` Y face, the slots of each respective half are inelined in opposite directions. The forward endvof this smoke-box is composed of an annu-- lar cap, J, which is bolted to the ring Il, above alluded to. Near the edges of the said cap, and 011 the outer side thereof, are formed (be-- ing preferably cast therewith) two curved conduits, J2, the upper ends of which unite, as seen in Fig. 2, and are connected by a hollow leg or pipe, K, with the outer casing, K, of the smoke-stack.

The smoke-stack, as seen in Fig. 1 is constructed of two independent casings, an annular space, YK, being left between said casings, andl at their lower ends they are secured to ai'lange projecting upwardly from an annularl ring, L, the latter being connected to the collar L', which is secured tothe smoke-box, and forms a basis of the stack; or any other approved construction for forming a doublewalled stack may be adopted.

The lower termini ofthe curved conduits J2 open into and communicate with a metallic box or spark-receiving receptacle/,L2 by means of openings in the top of the box. rlhe box L2 may be of any desired form, but is preferably of that indicated in the drawings, and is fastened to the frame M in any suitable manner.

TheI lower end of the cinder-receiving re ceptaele Lt is provided with a'l1inged`door,l\f, to which is connected a rod, MZ, which, by preference, runs back to thecab and is connected therewith by a lever or other means by which it `may be operated in orderto open and close the door. The box is also providedwith a hand-hole, N, having a cover fitted thereon, by means of whiehaccess may be had, if desired, to the upper portion of the box.

rlhe cap J is provided withan aperturenear its lower en d, through which extends a pipe, N, the innerend of which is tapering, preferably, and terminates within a few inches of thebra-nch B of the nozzle. This portion of the pipe N is provided with slots N2, through which the einders are sucked, as will presently appear. The outer end of the pipe connects with an elbow or T-head, O, of iiaringform, which in turn is bolted tothe cinder-box L2, as seen in Fig. 2, an opening being formed in the upper end of the box coincident with the mouth of theelbow. Y

The box L2, the cap J, having the conduits J2, and the several devices immediately connected therewith, form the subject-matter for another application, as above stated, and need not. therefore, be further described.

The operation of my invention vwill be readily understood when taken in connection with the above description, and is as follows: After the engine is fired up and put in motion, the draft, as usual, causes the smoke and the gaseous products of combustion and the einders or small particles of fuel, to pass' through the flues on their way to the stack. As the cylinders exhaust the steam is dischargedviolently through the nozzle B (or nozzles, if more than one is used) through its confining-pipe to the stack, and by reason of the broken joints between the mouth of the nozzle, and also between the sections of the steam-confiningpipe, the exhaust-steanris allowed to act through the perforations in the forward portion of the drum E', thereby forming a partial vacuum in the forward end of the smoke-box, whiclrhas IOO QSLSNIP the effect of inducing the products of combustion above alluded to to pass around the drum l to that portion of the smoke-box, and the continued sucking action of the exhaust serves to draw a portion of the cinders abrasivelyagainst the surface of thedrum, whence they rebound, and by gravity descend and give place for anineoming quantity of the cinders. Itis to be understood, however, that the greater portion of the cinders, as well in quantity as in size, are drawn ahead toward the lower front end of the box, whence they are sucked into the pipe N, and driven ahead without having to come in Contact with the drum. rllhe smoke, ascends with the exhaust through the stack, and the cinders are drawn through the slot il? and the inner end of the pipe N/ as fast as they descend to the bottomv of the smoke-box, by means ofl a branch current of the exhaust-steam issuing from the branch l/ into the said pipe N. y The cinders and steam are conducted through the pipe N and its elbow into the receptacle L2, the cinders falling to the bottom, and the steam escaping from the receptacle through the conduits J, with which it connects, and thence, by the pipe K, into the annular space and into the open air. lhe function ol.' the screen l.2 is to permit the escape of any smoke and gaseous products which may rise above the drum ll, and to prevent the escape of any cinders which maybe carricdiwith them. This action is continued. as long as the engine in motion and using steam, and lY have ascertained by actual trial that the smoke-box is virtually cleared of cinders, the ability of the engine to maintain the required pressure of steam preserved, and the consumption ot' fuel greatly reduced. lt is also to be observed, from thefconstruc tion above described, that by opening the door of the smoke-box, the drum E" and the sections F ofthe steam-coniining pipe arereadil y removed, which admits of access to the interior of the smoke-box, should it be desired.

Il t is further to be observed that by reason of the modified action of the exhaust-steam upon the fire, which results from the imperforated and perforated portions of the drum being, respectively, adjacent and away from the iiues, much of the combustible matter in the iire-box is consumed before being drawn through the fines, which being in small particles would, bythe otherwise violent action ofthe exhaust-steam, be carried in the smoke-V boX. rlhis is a very important result of the use of my invention, and aids largely in the reduced consumption of fuel. The nozzle in this instance, it will be observed, has its walls contracted for a short distance above its seat, the object being to avoid any unnecessary area in the rim, and to direct the steam centrally therefrom tlnfough the confiningpipe. This nozzle, however, does not constitute a part ot' the present invention, as I contemplate making an application therefor hereafter.

l would further observe that the branch which extends from thelower portion of the nozzle acts to discharge the accumulated condensation in the exhaust-steam pipes connecting the steanrchcst, into the cinder-receptacle, instead of up through the stack, as with other nozzles, thereby obviating the serious inconvenience of having water thrown from the stack.

Il would still further observe that, by reason of the modiiicd action ofthe exhauststeam upon the lire, as above stated, l lind by actual. experiment that the greater portion of the smoke is also consumed.

l. do not herein lay claim, specifically, tothe devices which form the subject-matter of my application for Letters Patent for improvel` ments in spark-extinguishers, filed even date herewith, and'bearing serial No. 103,082, the subject-matter in s aid application consisting, essentially, of the spark-receiving receptacle having communication with the slnoke-boX, the smoke-box head having steanrescaping conduits, and the double-walled stack.

Having thus fully described my invention,

what l claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

ll. lin a spark-arrester, the combination, with the smokcbox and the exhaust-nozzle, of a conical drinn having elongated perforations and an imperforated frames attached to the door, and the exhaust` confining pipe located therein, substantially as described.

2. .ln a spark-arrester, the (einbination, with the exhaust-nozzle having a partition and a brauch com municati ng therewith, of the conical drum having elongated perforations and an imperlbrated portion, and secured to the door by upper and lower frames, the eX- haust-confining pipe, and the upper screen having elongated oppositely-disposed perforations, substantially as described.

3. ln a spark-arrester, the combination, with the divided nozzle havingabranch communicating therewith, a steam-confining pipe, and the double-walled smoke-stack, ofthe perforated and imperforated drum secured by frames to the door, and the upper screen having oppositely-disposed elongated xperforations.

4. ln a spark-arrester, the combination, with the divided .exhaustuiozzle having a branch communicating therewith on each side et' the dividinglpartition, and the screen having elongated oppositely-disposed perforations, t-he smoke-box, and adapted to receive cinders through theslotted pipe by the action of the exhaust-steam, and the smokebox cap having conduits for vthe discharge of the steam from said receptacle, substantially as described.

l?. In a spark -arrester, the combination, with the divided exhaust-nozzle having a branch comnninicating therewith and the partially-perforated drum and screen, of a receptacle to receive thecinders by the action.

portion secured to IOO IIO

of the receptacle communicating with of exhaust-steam, and the smoke-box cap having conduits through which the steam escapes from said receptacle, substantially as described.

6. In -a sparkarrester, the combination, with the exhaust-nozzle, the partially perforated drum support-edby upper and lower brackets secured to the door, the screen and the steam-confining pipe, of the cinder receptacle adapted to receive the cinders by the action of exhaust-steam, and the smoke box cap having conduits for the escape of the steam from the receptacle, substantially as described.

7 .i In a spark-arrester, the combination, with the exhaust-nozzle and the steam-confining tube, of the upper and lower frames secured to the door, the partially-perforated drum and its crown sheet secured thereto, the lower frame and drum being arched, the plate Afitting in said arch, and afscreen having oppositely-disposed elongated perforations secured to the upper part of the smoke-boX, substantially as described.

8. In a spark-arrester, the combination, with the door of the smoke-box, of the upper and lower frames having each an arm which connects with the door, the lower of'said frames having an arch, and the bars secured to the lower frame, and to radial arms extending from the upper frame, whereby they arc secured, substantially as described.

.9. In a spark arrester, the combination, with the door of the smoke-box, of the upper and lower brackets, the latter having an arch, the drum having elongated perforations and an imperforated portion, and adapted to be swung in and out of the smoke-box by the action of the door, substantially as described.

10. In a spark-arrester, the combination,

with the nozzle and the door, of the upper and lower frames, the latter having an arch, the

drum having elongated perforations and im-l provided with radial arms secured to the upper l frame, substantially as described. v

11. In a spark-arrester, the combination, with the smoke-box having a ring secured to its forward inner edge, of the upper section of the steam-confining pipe secured, thereto, and the screen having oppositely-disposed elongated perforations, substantially 'as described.

12. In a spark-arrester, the device for dividing the smoke from the more solid particles of combustion, having a perforated and an imperforated portion, substantially as de-y scribed.

13. In a spark-arrester. the device for dividing the smoke from themore solid particles of combustion, having a perforated and an irn-l perforated portion, said imperforated portion being placed opposite the tlues, substantially as described.

14. In a spark-arr ester, rthe drum for dividing the smoke from the more solid particles of combustion, having an imperforated portion and a portion provided with oblique and horizontal perforations, substantially as described.

15. In a spark-arrester, the screen for dividing the smoke from the more solid particles ofcombustion, having oppositely-disposed elongated perforations, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE D. HUNTER.

IVitnesses:

H. J. ENNIs, EDWIN L. BRADFORD.

1t is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 285,899, granted October 2, 1883, upon Athe application of George D. Hunter, of Terre Heute, Indiana, for an improvement in Sperk-Arresters, en error appears in line 33, page l of the printed specifica.-

tion, requiring the following correction, viz: the Word smokestack should be reed smoke-bow; and that the patent should be read with this correction therein to make it conform to the record of the cese in the Patent Office.

Signed, conntersigncdi,"v and Sealed this 13th dany of November', A. D. 1883.

[SEAL] M. L. JoeLYN,

Acting Secretcwy ofthe Interior. Gonntersigned BENJ. BUTTERWORTH,

Commissioner 0f Patents. 

